Guava fruit familiar magic in our lives, have multiple health benefits. This fruit is very rich in vitamin C and some types of minerals that could ward off various types of degenerative diseases, and maintain body fitness. Leaves and bark contain antibacterial substances, which can cure some types of diseases.Guava taxonomic ally belongs to the family Myrtaceae, genus Psidium, guava species.
Guava plants including shrubs (height can reach 10 meters) that quickly adapt to the environment and has a good regeneration power. Guava can be grown in all kinds of climate and land at an altitude of 5-1200 feet above sea level.
Historically, guava from Central America, specifically Brazil. From there it spread to Thailand and then to other Asian countries, including Indonesia. In many countries, guava is the most important crop for the original population. We have planted guava throughout the world, especially in tropical countries.
Multipurpose plants
Guava tree is a much branched shrubs. Part of this plant is often used for a variety of human needs is the bark, leaves, and fruit.
Utilization of bark and leaves in the field of health has a long history and still continues to this day. Guava leaf is often used for treatment of diarrhea, gastroenteritis, and other complaints related to the digestive tract.
Guava leaf compounds rich in flavonoids, especially quercetin. These compounds have antibacterial activity and that contribute to the effects of Antidiarrhoeals. Poly phenols are found in the leaves are known to have antioxidant activity.
Like guava leaves, bark of this plant also has antibacterial activity. Extracts from both parts of this plant in vitro is toxic to some bacteria causing diarrhea, such as Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Shigella, Bacillus, Escherichia coli, Clostridium, and Pseudomonas.
The most important part of the guava plant is its fruit. Fruit can be consumed in the form of fresh or processed into various products such as jams, jellies, pasta, lunkhead, and juice.
Type of the guava
Guava fruit shapes vary from round to pear shaped, and the aromatic scent. Sweet fruit-flavored, sweet and sour, or acidic. Taste and aroma of guava very distinctive due to the compound eugenol. Thin rind is green to yellowish green. Seeds varied from very few to about 500 seeds in a fruit that weighs about 150 grams. Harvest the fruit can be done throughout the year (do not know the season).
Guava fruit size varies, from a diameter of 2.5 cm up to more than 10 cm. Cashew is favored by the general public is soft and thick flesh, sweet taste, a little seed, and large fruit.
Type of the guava in the world there are around 150. In Indonesia, which is widely planted cashew types breadfruit, guava and white milk, cashew apples, cashew Australia, palembang guava, guava frangipani, guava-week market, cashew brittle red, pink cotton candy, guava juice, and guava determined.
Vitamin C is best
Guava fruit is said that very special because contain high nutrients, like vitamin C, potassium, and iron. In addition, also rich in non-nutrient substances, such as food fiber, components carotenoids, and polyphenols. Guava fruit is free from saturated fat and sodium, low fat and energy, but high-fiber food.
Vitamin C content of guava fruit about 87 mg, twice that of sweet orange (49 mg/100 g), five times the orange, and eight times the juice (10.5 mg/100 g). Compared to the water rose and pink balls, levels of vitamin C in guava much larger, ie 17 times the rose-water (5 mg/100 g) and four times the rose-bol (22 mg/100 g).
Besides functioning as antioxidants, vitamin C has a function of health care and stimulate capillaries; prevent nutritional anemia, ulcers, swollen gums and bleeding (skorbut disease); and prevent tooth dates. High doses of vitamin C can increase the body's immune system against various infections. Thus, we are not easy to be sick, like flu, cough, fever, and others.
Vitamin C helps the absorption of iron and can inhibit the production of nitrosamines, a substance triggers cancer. Vitamin C also contribute to the formation of collagen which is very useful for healing wounds. The availability of sufficient vitamin C in the blood can promote the work of selenium in inhibiting cancer cells, especially lung cancer, prostate, breast, colon, bladder, and brain.
In essence, guava can be As with the main source for vitamin C your body needs. Consumption of guava weighing 90 grams per day was able to meet the needs of adults daily vitamin, so as to maintain the health and fitness.
Vitamin C in guava peak near mature. Most of the vitamin C guava concentrate on the skin and outer flesh soft and thick. Therefore, guava should be consumed with the skin.
Source of potassium and fiber
Guava also contains potassium about 14 mg/100 g fruit. Potassium function increases heart rate regularity, activates muscle contraction, regulate delivery of substances other nutrients to body cells, control the fluid balance in the body tissue, and lower high blood pressure (hypertension).
The workings of potassium in the body is the reverse with sodium (trigger hypertension). Therefore, in the daily diet is recommended to consume sodium and potassium in a 1:1 ratio. Food processing by using the salt tends to increase far exceeds potassium sodium.
Guava is also a source of food fiber (dietary fiber). Fiber food useful for preventing various degenerative diseases, such as colon cancer (colon cancer), diverticulosis, atherosclerosis, heart disorders, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and kidney stone disease.
Consumption of food fiber Indonesian society is still very low, ie about 10 grams / person / day. In fact, consumption of fiber foods is recommended 20-30 grams / person / day.
Guava food fiber about 5.6 grams per 100 grams of meat. Type enough fiber contained in the guava is pectin, which is a type of fiber that is soluble in water. Fiber that is soluble in water has a major role in lowering cholesterol, which binds cholesterol and bile acids in the body, and help their spending through the process of defecation.
Thus, the fiber is soluble in water useful to prevent atherosclerosis (blockage of blood vessels cause of coronary heart disease and stroke). It kind of fiber also plays a role in lowering blood glucose levels, so a very important role in preventing diabetes mellitus.
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